The symptoms of prostatitis in men are not characteristic and specific as it may seem at first glance. For this reason, in modern urology and andrology, infertility is increasingly being diagnosed in men of the most active reproductive layer - from the age of 25 to 40 years. The prostate in men is an organ that performs several functions: barrier, regulation of blood clotting, endocrine, reproductive, copulative (sexual), the role of the bladder sphincter. The signs of prostatitis in men and their symptoms are diverse, especially in the chronic form - they cover all the functions of the organ and often make the diagnosis more difficult.
Symptoms of acute prostatitis in men
What symptoms of prostatitis in men should you make to pay attention to them and see a doctor? Every man, especially at a young and sexually active age, needs to know about the signs of inflammation of the lower genital tract and the possible clinical signs of incipient prostate disease. Many young people postpone visiting the urologist with the thought that this disease belongs to an older age group.
Important.
Prostate inflammation is based on a complex of factors that begin to act precisely at the age of 20-30.
- Sexual infections are the first to trigger an active or sluggish inflammatory process. Chlamydia, mycoplasma infections, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis trigger urethritis, against which the development of inflammation of the gland is possible. Viruses from herpes simplex, human papilloma, CMV, if they do not cause inflammation of the gland, significantly aggravate the course of STI and pave the way for bacteria in the tissues of the organ. Against the background of genital infections, opportunistic flora (staphylococci, Escherichia coli) often leads to prostate diseases. A mixed flora is often found during diagnosis.
- Work that is accompanied by prolonged sitting is one of the factors that trigger the disease. Such occupational hazards or habits affect prostate health.
- Arrhythmic sex life - its rarity or randomness, psychological problems that cause a delay or absence of ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, frequent masturbation - significantly disrupt the balance of arterial and venous blood flow in the gland.
- The effects of cold on the lumbar region, abdomen and extremities - winter sports and recreation, occupational risks related to hypothermia - trigger irreversible changes in the glandular tissue.
Sexual infections, chronic hypothermia, stagnation of venous blood and prostate secretions lay the foundation for the development of chronic prostatitis. . . Symptoms of inflammation of prostatitis of various forms are grouped into three syndromes: painful, sexual and dysuric (urinary disorder). The dominance of one of them is the reason for a visit to the doctor - urologist, sexologist, therapist or surgeon. The vigilance and qualification of the doctor determine the speed of the healing process.
Acute prostatitis, the symptoms of which are observed after or at the same time as an active genital infection, are characterized by the following:
- Discomfort and pain when urinating.
- Cutting at the beginning or at the end of urination.
- Frequent and false urges to use the toilet.
- Pain around the anus, especially when sitting.
- Pain when defecating, feeling of fullness in the rectum.
- Mucopurulent discharge from the urethra.
- Abdominal pain radiating to the thighs, scrotum, back.
- Fever.
- Sexual dysfunction.
Every patient has a different severity of symptoms. Also, only one particular symptom can be predominant. But often the acute process proceeds with scanty symptoms, which ensures frequent chronicity and an increase in identified cases of chronic prostatitis.
The first signs of prostatitis
Symptoms of the onset of prostatitis appear in young men under the guise of acute respiratory infections or in the form of a classic genital infection. Depending on the type of pathogen, signs of an acute process may be bright or obliterated.
Symptoms of prostatitis in men, triggered by gonococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, as well as nosocomial infections (after manipulation of the urinary tract) are characterized as follows:
- The patient is suddenly gripped by a chills that lasts for half an hour to two hours and ends with sweating.
- The temperature rises to 38 - 40 ° C.
- Characterized by weakness, severe weakness.
The first symptoms of prostatitis in men may not be accompanied by the characteristic pain in the pelvic area, rectum and groin. . . Sexual weakness is also not characteristic. On the contrary, the catarrhal first stage of the disease is manifested by excessive excitability and early ejaculation.
Important.
Urogenital chlamydia, which often cause chronic prostatitis, initially show only mild dysuric symptoms.
How does prostatitis manifest itself in men, triggered by haematogenic or lymphogenic entry of the flora into the prostate tissue? This type of disease, which accompanies general somatic infectious diseases (sinusitis, sore throat, pneumonia, abscesses, pustular skin diseases), can not be noticed by the patient. Against the background of the underlying disease, the temperature rises again and the symptoms of intoxication increase, slight dysuric manifestations and abdominal pain may appear.
Symptoms of chronic prostatitis in men
Bacterial or viral, congestive or infectious chronic prostatitis, the symptoms of which vary, are united by the fact that inflammatory processes, although caused by different triggering factors, lead to three basic manifestations:
- Pain syndrome.
- Urination disorder.
- Sexual dysfunction.
Pain symptoms in prostatitis are also divided into three types:
- Extragenital - pain in the rectum, lower back, lower abdomen are characteristic.
- Pelvis - symptoms of pain do not appear as such, but there is a pronounced itching of the anus, tingling, paresthesia, neurosis, excessive sweating - this is due to the involvement of the pelvic nerve plexuses.
- Genital - pain in the scrotum, lumbago in the testicles, groin and perineum.
- Mixed.
Pain symptoms in prostatitis form a concept like "chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men".
Symptoms of inflammation of the chronic form of the prostate are accompanied by violation and suppression of erection, ejaculation and a decrease in libido. Against this background, a neurosis-like syndrome develops that has a sympathetic or parasympathetic type. The first is characterized by heart attack, fever, evening subfebrile conditions, sudden mood swings, and inattentiveness. Second - drowsiness during the day, fatigue, insomnia at night, hypochondria, sweating, weight gain, lump in the throat, excessive salivation.
Dysuric phenomena include increased urination, difficulty emptying the bladder, dripping and lethargy of the jet. Such signs have a pronounced resemblance to an adenoma, which sometimes makes diagnosis difficult.
Important.
Chronic prostatitis in men after 45 years often occurs at the same time as prostatic hyperplasia.
In the chronic form, spermatorrhea and prostatorrhea are observed - the secretion of prostatic secretions from the urethra in combination with seminal fluid due to organatonia.
Asymptomatic prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate is not always symptomatic. Often a man learns of an illness, for example, when performing ultrasound diagnostics when planning a child. You will find calcifications in the tissue of the prostate, obliterated ducts, enlargement or reduction of the gland, sclerosis, circulatory disorders according to Doppler sonography, varicose veins of the plexus of the prostate and the small pelvis.
Symptomatic prostatitis develops in young men after genital infections, especially urogenital chlamydia and mycoplasmosis.Asymptomatic prostatitis is particularly common after inadequate and incomplete treatment of these diseases. When examining sperm, a decrease in the number of germ cells, a decrease in actively motile cells, agglutination and a decrease in lecithin grains are often found. Periodic sexual failures are possible that the man does not value.
Symptoms of an exacerbation of prostatitis
Exacerbation of chronic prostatitis develops when exposed to negative provoking factors - general somatic diseases, hypothermia, irregular sexual activity, abuse of alcohol, exacerbation of infectious diseases of the genitourinary organs, rectum.
Symptoms of an exacerbation of prostatitis in men are similar to the onset of the disease. The rise in temperature, general malaise, fatigue, weakness, chills come to the fore. Pain in the anus, feeling of fullness in the rectum, lumbago in the groin, perineum growing. Sexual dysfunction and nervousness are also exacerbated. When going to the toilet, patients notice difficulty and increased urination, weakening of the jet, pain.
Features of the course of some types of prostatitis
How is prostatitis manifested in men in its different variants? Conventionally, depending on the prevailing process, a distinction is made between several types of the disease: infectious, bacterial, stagnant, purulent.
Infectious and bacterial prostatitis
The concept comprises several nosological forms of disease or differentiated according to the types of pathogen. Infectious prostatitis, the symptoms of which can only be caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses, can be triggered by sexually transmitted and opportunistically pathogenic flora. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that normally colonize the male urogenital tract cause disease only with unfavorable factors. Most often, when sowing seeds and urine, Escherichia coli, staphylococci and enterococci are found. This is bacterial prostatitis.
Infectious prostatitis is mainly registered in young people.This type of inflammation of the prostate most commonly causes chronicity and leads to infertility.
The clinical picture is characterized by the greatest brightness with gonorrhea, and with chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and opportunistic pathogens, the symptoms are rare, therefore it often leads to chronic prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis
The pyogenic flora is represented by gonococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, the methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus. These microorganisms secrete a number of destructive enzymes, are characterized by an aggressiveness towards the prostate tissue and therefore initiate a purulent fusion.Often purulent prostatitis ends with an abscess, phlegmon, paraprostatitis, paraproctitis.
The purulent process is often triggered by bacteria that have invaded the prostate in the following ways:
- From purulent foci in other organs.
- For medical interventions on the urogenital organs. The hospital flora is characterized by multiple resistance to antibiotics, which is why it leads to purulent prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis, the symptoms of which are the most noticeable, often causes complications: urinary and bladder-intestinal fistulas. And even such bacteria easily penetrate on the ascending path to the kidneys, pelvis and calyxes, causing their chronic inflammation.
Congestive prostatitis
The isolated course of this type of disease is practically impossible, since against the background of stagnant processes, the microbial flora adheres and this type assumes an infectious course. Most often, urologists make such a diagnosis when no bacteria were isolated when the biomaterial was inoculated. As a rule, an analysis carried out after 2-3 weeks already gives a positive result for the bacterial flora.
Stagnation of venous blood is often observed with varicose veins, rectal pathology, pelvic tumors and hypodynamia. Violation of the outflow of prostate secretion, which is most often observed in sexual dysfunction and irregular sexual activity, leads to stagnation and prerequisites for inflammation.Congestive prostatitis, the symptoms of which coincide with infectious inflammation, are inextricably linked and follow one another.The symptoms are complemented by varicose veins and rectal lesions.
Obviously, in the chronic form of prostatitis, the manifestations can be non-specific, which requires a thorough comprehensive diagnosis.
Important.
Any signs of genital infection in a man should be a reason to see a urologist or venereologist for treatment.
Self-medication or neglect of the situation can serve as an impetus for the formation of a chronic form.